Maharashtra Board Text books

Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2

Question 1.
In the following table, a ratio is given in each column. Find the remaining two ratios in the column and complete the table.


Solution:

word image 14535 2
In right angled ∆ABC,
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 2
∠C = θ.
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 3
Let the common multiple be k.
∴ BC = 35k and AC = 37k
Now, AC2 = AB2 + BC2 …[Pythagoras theorem]
∴ (37k)2 = AB2+ (35k)2
1369k2 = AB2 + 1225k2
AB2 = 1369k2 – 1225k2
= 144k2
AB = 144k2
word image 14535 5
= 12k
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 4

word image 14535 7
In right angled ∆ABC, ∠C = θ.
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 5
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 6
Let the common multiple be k.
AB = 11k and AC = 61k
Now, AC2 = AB2 + BC2 …[Pythagoras theorem]
∴ (61k)2 = (11k)2 + BC2
∴ 3721k2 = 121k2 + BC2
∴ BC2 = 3721k2 – 121k2 = 3600k2
word image 14535 10
= 60k
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 7

word image 14535 12
In right angled ∆ABC,
∠C = θ.
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 8
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 9
Let the common multiple be k.
∴ AB = 1k and BC = 1k
Now, AC2 = AB2 + BC2 …[Pythagoras theorem]
= K2 + K2
= 2K2
∴ AC = \(\sqrt { 2{ k }\)
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 10

word image 14535 16
In right angled ∆ABC,
∠C = θ.
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 11
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 12
Let the common multiple be k.
∴ AB = 1k and BC = 2k
Now, AC2 = AB2 + BC2 …[Pythagoras theorem]
∴ 2K2 = K2 + BC2
∴ 4K2 = K2 + BC2
∴ BC2 = 4K2 – K2 = 3K2
word image 14535 19
= \(\sqrt { 3{ k }\)
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 13

word image 14535 21
In right angled ∆ABC,
∠C = θ.
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 14
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 15
Let the common multiple be k.
∴ AB = 1k and BC = √3k
Now, AC2 = AB2 + BC2 …[Pythagoras theorem]
∴ (√3K)2 = AB2 + K2
∴ 3K2 = 3K2 – K2 = 2K2
word image 14535 24
AB = √2K
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 16

word image 14535 26
In right angled ∆ABC,
∠C = θ.
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 17
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 18
Let the common multiple be k.
∴ AB = 21k and BC = 20k
Now, AC2 = AB2 + BC2 …[Pythagoras theorem]
= (21)K2 + (20K)2
= 441K2 – 4002
= 841K2
word image 14535 29
= 29K
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 19

word image 14535 31
In right angled ∆ABC,
∠C = θ.
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 20
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 21
Let the common multiple be k.
∴ AB = 8k and BC = 15k
Now, AC2 = AB2 + BC2 …[Pythagoras theorem]
= (8)K2 + (15K)2
= 64K2 – 2252
= 289K2
word image 14535 34
= 17K
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 22

word image 14535 36
In right angled ∆ABC,
∠C = θ.
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 23
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 24
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 25
Let the common multiple be k.
∴ AB = 3k and AC = 5k
Now, AC2 = AB2 + BC2 …[Pythagoras theorem]
∴ (5)K2= (3)K2 + BC2
∴ 25K2 = 9K2 – 2252
∴ BC2 = 25K2 – 9K2
word image 14535 40
= 4K
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 26

word image 14535 42
In right angled ∆ABC,
∠C = θ.
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 27
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 28
Let the common multiple be k.
∴ AB = 1k and AC = 2√2 k
Now, AC2 = AB2 + BC2 …[Pythagoras theorem]
= K2 + (2√2 k )2
= K2 – 2252
= 25K2 + 8K2
= 9K2
word image 14535 45
= 3K
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 29
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 30

Question 2.
Find the values of:
i. 5 sin 30° + 3 tan 45°
ii. 45tan2 60° + 3 sin2 60°
iii. 2 sin 30° + cos 0° + 3 sin 90°

v. cos2 45° + sin2 30°
vi. cos 60° x cos 30° + sin 60° x sin 30°
Solution:

i. sin 30° = 1/2 and tan 45° = 1
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 31

word image 14535 50
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 32

iii. 2 sin 30° + cos 0° + 3 sin 90°
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= 1 + 1 + 3
∴ 2 sin 30° + cos 0° + 3 sin 90° = 5

word image 14535 53
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 33

v. cos2 45° + sin2 30°
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 34

vi. cos 60° x cos 30° + sin 60° x sin 30°
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 35
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 36

Question 3.

In right angled ∆ABC,
∠C = θ.
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 37
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 38
Let the common multiple be k.
∴ AB = 4k and AC = 5k
Now, AC2 = AB2 + BC2 … [Pythagoras theorem]
∴ (5 k)2 = (4k)2 + BC2
∴ 25k2 = 16k2 + BC2
∴ BC2 = 25k2 – 16k2 = 9k2
word image 14535 61
= 3k
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 39

Question 4.

In right angled ∆ABC,
∠C = θ.
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 40
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 41
Let the common multiple be k.
∴ BC = 15k and AC = 17k
Now, AC2 = AB2 + BC2 … [Pythagoras theorem]
∴ (17 k)2 = AB2 + (15K)2
∴ 289k2 = AB2 + 2252
∴ AB2 = 289k2 – 225k2
= 64k2
word image 14535 66
= 8k
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 42

Intext Questions and Activities

Question 1.
In right angled ∆PQR, ∠Q = 900. Therefore ∠P and ∠R are complementary angles of each other. Verify the following ratios.
i. sin θ = cos (90 – θ)
ii. cos θ = sin (90 – θ)
iii. sin 30° = cos (90° – 30°) = cos 60°
iv. cos 30° = sin (90° – 30°) = sin 60° (Textbook pg. no. 107)
Solution:

In ∆PQR, ∠Q = 90°, ∠P = θ
∴ ∠R = 90 – θ
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 43
i. sin θ = cos (90 – θ)
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 44
ii. cos θ = sin (90 – θ)
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 45

iii. Let ∠P = θ = 30°
∴ ∠R = 90° – 30°
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 46
sin 30° = cos (90° – 30°) … [From (i) and (ii)]
sin 30° = cos 60°

iv. cos 30° = sin (90° – 30°) = sin 60°
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 47
∴ cos 30° = sin (90° – 30°) .,.[From (i) and (ii)]
∴ cos 30° = sin 60°

Question 2.

By using the definition write the trigonometric ratio of sin O and take it as equation (ii).
In right angled ∆PQR, ∠R = θ
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 50
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 48
Let the common multiple be k.
∴ PQ = 5k and PR = 13k
Find QR by using Pythagoras theorem.
PR2 = PQ2 + QR2 … [Pythagoras theorem]
∴ (13k)2 = (5k)2 + QR2
∴ 169k2 = 25k2 + QR2
∴ QR2 = 169k2 – 25k2
= 144k2
word image 14535 76
= 12k
Maharashtra Board Class 9 Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Trigonometry Practice Set 8.2 49

Question 3.
While solving the above Illustrative example, why the lengths of PQ and PR are taken 5k and 13k? (Textbook pg. no. 111)
Solution:


Here, the ratio of the lengths of sides PQ and PR is 5 : 13.
The actual lengths of the sides can be any multiple of the ratio. Hence, we consider the multiple k while solving.

Question 4.
While solving the above illustrative example, can we take the lengths of PQ and PR as 5 and 13? If so, then what changes are needed In the writing of the solution. (Tcxtbook pg. no. 111)
Solution:

Yes, we can take lengths of PQ and PR as 5 and 13.
In that case, we will have to take k = 1 and solve the problem accordingly.

Question 5.
Verify that the equation ‘sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1’ is true when θ = 0° or θ = 90°.
(Textbook pg. no. 112)
Solution:
sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1
i. lf θ = 0°,
LH.S. = sin2 θ + cos2 θ
= sin2 0° + cos2 0°
= 0 + 1 …[∵ sin 0° = 0, cos 0° = 1]
= R.H.S.
∴ sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1

ii. If θ = 90°,
L.H.S.= sin2 θ +cos2 θ
= sin2 90° + cos2 90°
= 1 + 0 … [ ∵ sin 90° = 1, cos 90° = 0]
= 1
= R.H.S.
∴ sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1