Maharashtra Board Class 6th Chapter 3 Diversity in Living Things and their Classification Solution

Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Match the pairs.

diversity in living things and their classification class 6 exercise Question 1.

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Amphibians	a. A monkey
2. Vertebrates	b. A snake
3. With scales	c. A frog

Answer:

Column ‘A’	Column ‘B’
1. Amphibians	c. A frog
2. Vertebrates	a. A monkey
3. With scales	b. A snake

2. Who is the odd one out?

Question a.
Fungus, mushroom, chrysanthemum, spirogyra
Answer:
Chrysanthemum (only flowering plants)
or
Spirogyra (only aquatic plant)

Question b.
Mango, banyan, palm, chickpea
Answer:
Chickpea (shrub, others are not)
or
Palm (tall tree without any branches, others have branches)

Question c.
Grape, orange, lemon, hibiscus
Answer:
Grape (only creeper, others are not)
or
Hibiscus (flower, others are fruits)

Question d.
Sunflower, banyan, jowar, bajra
Answer:
Banyan (perinnial, others are not)

Question e.
Guava, radish, carrot, beetroot
Answer:
Gauva (fruit, others are roots)

Question f.
Deer, fish, man, worms
Answer:
Worms (invertebrate, others are not)
or
Fish (aquatic animal, others are terristrial animals

3. What is the difference?

Question a.
Flowering plant and Non-flowering plant
Answer:

Flowering plant	Non-flowering plant
1. Plants that bear flowers are called flowering plants.	1. Plants that do not bear flowers are called non­flowering plants.
2. They have roots, stems and leaves.	2. They may not have roots, stems or leaves.
e.g. Rose, sunflower, lotus	e.g. Pine, fern, algae

Question b.
A Tree and a Shrub
Answer:

Tree	Shrub
1. They have branches at some height above the ground.	1. They give out branches close to the ground.
2. They grow very tall compared to shrubs.	2. They grow upto 2 to 3 metres in height.
3. They have strong and hard stems.	3. They have thick hard stems.
e.g. Mango tree, banyan tree	e.g. Hibiscus, oleander

Question c.
Vertebrates and Invertebrates
Answer:

Vertebrates	Invertebrates
1. They have vertebral column.	1. They do not have vertebral column.
2. The brain is well developed.	2. The brain if present may not be developed.
e.g. Human, dog, fishes etc.	e.g. earthworm, insects etc.

4. True or false?

Question a.
The snail is an aquatic animal.
Answer:
False

Question b.
Amphibians can live in air and in water.
Answer:
False

Question c.
The function of the brain is well developed in vertebrate.
Answer:
True

Question d.
The amoeba is a multicellular animal.
Answer:
False

5. Write two names of each. 

Question a.
A flowering plant
Answer:
Rose, hibiscus

Question b.
A non-flowering plant
Answer:
Fern, algae

Question c.
A tree
Answer:
Mango, banyan

Question d.
A shrub
Answer:
Oleander, hibiscus

Question e.
A creeper
Answer:
Pumpkin, watermelon

Question f.
An annual plant
Answer:
Jowar, sunflower

Question g.
A biennial plant
Answer:
Carrot, beetroot

Question h.
A perennial plant
Answer:
Mango, gulmohar

6. Write answers to the following. 

Question a.
What are the parts of a plant?
Answer:
The parts of a plant are: root, stem, leaves, flowers, fruit and seed.

Question b.
What are the functions of root?
Answer:
The functions of root are:

1. The root hold the soil firmly and anchor the plant.
2. They absorb water, salt and minerals from the soil and transport it to stem.
3. Some roots store food. e.g. Carrot, radish.

Question c.
Why is it necessary to classify living things?
Answer:

1. There is a great diversity in living things- both plants and animals on the earth.
2. In order to identify them and to study their characteristics, systematic classification is necessary.

Question d.
What are the criteria used to classify living things?
Answer:
Following are the criteria used to classify living things:
a. Plants:

• Mode of nutrition.
• Similarities and differences in structure.
• Presence of flowers or not.
• Period of life cycles.
• Habitat.

b. Animals:

• Cell structure.
• Presence of vertebral column.
• Method of reproduction.
• Habitat.

Question e.
Tell some characteristics of creepers.
Answer:
The characteristics of creepers are:

1. The stem of a creeper is very flexible, soft and green and need support to climb.
2. Some climbers spread on the ground, e.g. Pumpkin
3. Some have aerial roots, e.g. Money plant
4. Some climbers develop tendrils, e.g. Cucumber

Question f.
Explain the characteristics of herbs with examples.
Answer:

1. Herbs grow 1 to 1.5 m tall.
2. Their stem is green and quite flexible.
3. They may live for a few months or upto two years, e.g. Tulsi, oregano, etc.

Question g.
How is the body of animals protected?
Answer:
Body of animals are protected by special covering such as skins, feathers, scales, hair fur, etc.

Question h.
On the basis of which criteria will you classify plants and animals?
Answer:

7. Draw figures. 

Question a.
Draw the figure of a plant to show the parts, namely, the root, stem and leaves in it.
Answer:

Activity:

Question 1.
Visit a plant nursery and classify the plants there.

Question 2.
Visit a zoo and obtain information about the diversity in animals.

Question 3.
Write an essay on diversity in plants.

Question 4.
Collect seeds of various plants during summer and throw them in open spaces (fallow land, moorland, hill, etc.) during the rainy season.

Important Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks:

Question 1.
Plants that can prepare their own food are called ………….. plants.
Answer:
autotrophic

Question 2.
Pitcher plants are ………….. .
Answer:
insectivorous

Question 3.
The ………….. is an important means of reproduction.
Answer:
flower

Question 4.
Animals that lay eggs are ………….. animals.
Answer:
oviparous

Question 5.
Animals that can live on land as well as water are called ………….. .
Answer:
amphibians

Choose the correct alternative:

Question 1.
The ………….. is a perennial.
(a) beetroot
(b) gulmohar
(c) grass
Answer:
(b) gulmohar

Question 2.
The sunflower is a / an ………….. plant.
(a) annual
(b) biennial
(c) perennial
Answer:
(a) annual

Question 3.
Cactus is a ………….. plant.
(a) land
(b) water
(c) desert
Answer:
(c) desert

Question 4.
The …………….. is a unicellular animal.
(a) cockroach
(b) snail
(c) paramoecium
Answer:
(c) paramoecium

Question 5.
Hen is a …………….. animal.
(a) oviparous
(b) viviparous
(c) none of above
Answer:
(b) oviparous

Question 6.
Earthworm is a / an ……………. animal.
(a) vertebrate
(b) invertebrate
(c) unicellular
Answer:
(b) invertebrate

True or False:

Question 1.
The pods of beans and peas are actually fruits.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
Fungus is heterotrophic.
Answer:
True

Write two names of each.

Question 1.
An invertebrate animal
Answer:
Earthworm, cockroach

Question 2.
An oviparous animal.
Answer:
Hen, sparrow

Distinguish between:

Question 1.
Autotrophic plant and Heterotrophic plant
Answer:

Autotrophic plant	Heterotrophic plant
1. They can produce their own food.	1. They cannot produce their own food. They depend on other things for their food.
2. They are green in colour.	2. They are non­green in colour.
e.g. Periwinkle, pomegranate etc.	e.g. Dodder, loranthus etc

Classify as directed.

Question 1.
Into annual, biennial, perennial
Sunflower, carrot, bajra, mango, jowar, oleander, beetroot, coconut
Answer:

Annual	Biennial	Perennial
Sunflower	Carrot	Mango
bajra	beetroot	oleander
jowar		coconut

Question 2.
Into vertebrates and invertebrates
Fish, cat, earthworm, snail, hen, cockroach
Answer:

Vertebrates	Invertebrates
Fish	Earthworm
cat	snail
hen	cockroach

Define. 

Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Diversity In Living Things and Their Classification Question 1.
Unicellular animal
Answer:
Animals which have a single cell body performing all functions, are called unicellular animals, e.g. Amoeba

Diversity In Living Things And Their Classification Exercise Question 2.
Multicellular animals
Answer:
Animals which have many cells in their body, are called multicellular animals, e.g. Cat

Diversity In Living Things and Their Classification Question 3.
Vertebrates
Answer:
Animals with vertebral column are called vertebrates, e.g. Man

Question 4.
Invertebrate animals
Answer:
Animals without vertebrate column are called invertebrate animals, e.g. Earthworm

Question 5.
Oviparous animals
Answer:
Animals which lay eggs and hatch them are called oviparous animals, e.g. Hen

Question 6.
Viviparous animals
Answer:
Animals which give birth to their young ones are called viviparous animals, e.g. Dog

Answer the following:

Question 1.
Give the functions of:
Answer:
a. Stem:
1. The stem gives support to the other parts of the plant.
2. The stem carries out the function of production, conduction and storage of the food.
3. In some cases it stores food.
b. Leaves: They play an important role in the production of food.
c. Flowers: The flowers are reproductive organ of plant.
d. Fruits: Fruits have seeds which give rise to new plant.
e. Seeds: From the seeds arise new plants.

Answer the following in short.

Question 1.
What type of plants are toolstools and mushrooms?
Answer:
Toolstools and mushrooms are heterotrophs.

Question 2.
What type of plant is a fig?
Answer:
Fig is a tree.

Question 3.
Do ferns, algae and money plant bear flowers?
Answer:
Ferns, algae and money plants do not bear flowers. They are non-flowering plants.

Question 4.
Which is the largest flower and where is it found?
Answer:
Rafflesia Arnoldi is the world’s largest flower. It is found in Indonesia.

Question 5.
Where does pomegranate grow?
Answer:
Pomegranate is a shrub which grows on land in soil.

Question 6.
Where do bulrushes and railroad creepers grow?
Answer:
Bulrushes is a water plant and railroad creepers grow along the ground.

Question 7.
Where does lotus grow?
Answer:
Lotus grows in water.

Question 8.
Where does the dodder plant grow?
Answer:
Dodder is a parasitic plant and grows on other plants.

Question 9.
Why does water hyacinth float?
Answer:
The stem of water hyacinth is filled with air and its leaves are specially modified, which helps it to float in water.

Question 10.
Why is the stem of a cactus plant fleshy?
Answer:
Cactus is a desert plant. As there is a shortage of water, cactus stores water in its stem and hence, stem of cactus is fleshy.

Question 11.
Which spheres of the earth do living things exist?
Answer:
Living things exists in all three spheres of earth, i.e. Atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere.

Question 12.
Are the plants and animals that you have seen all alike?
Answer:
No. They are all of different types.

Question 13.
What are the similarities between a mango, a banyan and a tamarind tree?
Answer:
They are tall, big and perennial plants.

Question 14.
What are the similarities between the hibiscus, oleander and lantana plants?
Answer:
They are shorter and smaller than trees.

Question 15.
What are the similarities between fenugreek and periwinkle plants?
Answer:
They are smaller and shorter than trees and shrubs.

Question 16.
Have you seen vines like the pumpkin, the railroad creeper, kavali, watermelon or the grapvine? How do they grow?
Answer:
They have very soft, green and flexible stem. They grow with the help of a support.

Question 17.
For how many years do crops like bajra, wheat, corn, radish, marigold live?
Answer:
They live for about one year.

Question 18.
To which part of plants are butterflies and insects attracted?
Answer:
Butterflies and insects are attracted towards the flower of the plants.

Question 19.
What is the chain of bones in the centre of our back called?
Answer:
A vertibral column.